Docker vs Kubernetes
2026年选择正确工具的详细比较
🏆 快速判定
平局！两者都是很好的选择。
Docker and Kubernetes are complementary, not competing tools. Docker packages your applications into containers; Kubernetes orchestrates those containers at scale. Most production environments use both together.
📚 Explore More
📊 Visual Comparison
总体评分比较
分类细分
Docker 亮点
- ✅ 一致的环境
- ✅ 微服务就绪
- 💰 Free / $5/month (Pro)
Kubernetes 亮点
- ✅ Industry standard for container orchestration
- ✅ Automatic scaling and self-healing
- 💰 Free / ~$73/month (EKS)
功能比较
| Feature | Docker | Kubernetes |
|---|---|---|
| Containerization | ✓ | Uses Docker/containerd |
| Orchestration | Docker Swarm (basic) | Advanced |
| Auto-scaling | ✗ | ✓ |
| Service Discovery | Basic | Built-in (DNS) |
| Load Balancing | Basic | Built-in |
| Rolling Updates | Docker Swarm | ✓ |
| Health Checks | ✓ | Liveness + Readiness probes |
| Networking | Docker networks | CNI plugins |
| Storage | Volumes | Persistent Volumes + StorageClass |
| Registry | Docker Hub | Any OCI registry |
| CLI | ✓ | kubectl |
| GUI | Docker Desktop | Dashboard + third-party |
什么是Docker？
Docker是一个在容器中开发、交付和运行应用程序的平台。支持一致的开发环境和微服务架构。
✅优点
- •一致的环境
- •微服务就绪
- •庞大的生态系统
- •DevOps标准
- •易于部署
❌缺点
- •学习曲线
- •资源开销
- •安全考虑
- •简单应用过于复杂
什么是Kubernetes？
Kubernetes (K8s) is an open-source container orchestration platform originally designed by Google. It automates the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications across clusters of machines.
✅优点
- •Industry standard for container orchestration
- •Automatic scaling and self-healing
- •Service discovery and load balancing built-in
- •Declarative configuration with YAML
- •Massive ecosystem (Helm, Istio, ArgoCD)
- •Cloud-agnostic with managed offerings (EKS, GKE, AKS)
❌缺点
- •Steep learning curve
- •Overkill for small applications
- •Complex setup and maintenance
- •Resource-intensive (control plane overhead)
- •YAML configuration can be verbose
价格比较
Kubernetes
Free / ~$73/month (EKS)
Free (self-hosted) / Managed cloud pricing
✓ 提供免费版View detailed pricing →📊深度分析: Docker vs Kubernetes
在Docker和Kubernetes之间做选择可能很困难，因为两个工具都为现代工作流程提供了吸引人的功能。在这个全面的比较中，我们将分析从功能和定价到实际用例的各个方面，帮助您做出明智的决定。
Docker
Docker是一个在容器中开发、交付和运行应用程序的平台。支持一致的开发环境和微服务架构。
Kubernetes
Kubernetes (K8s) is an open-source container orchestration platform originally designed by Google. It automates the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications across clusters of machines.
🎯最佳使用场景
何时选择Docker
- ✓适合团队:
一致的环境
- ✓适合小型企业:
微服务就绪
- ✓适合大企业:
庞大的生态系统
何时选择Kubernetes
- ✓适合个人:
Industry standard for container orchestration
- ✓适合小型企业:
Automatic scaling and self-healing
- ✓适合团队:
Service discovery and load balancing built-in
🔍功能深入分析
Containerization
Orchestration
Auto-scaling
Service Discovery
Load Balancing
Rolling Updates
💰定价分析
Docker
Free (Docker Engine) / Paid (Desktop)
✅ Free tier availableKubernetes
Free (self-hosted) / Managed cloud pricing
✅ Free tier available💡 Pro Tip
Both tools offer free trials or tiers. We recommend testing both with your actual workflow before committing to a paid plan.
🏆我们的推荐
经过广泛的分析和测试，这是我们的看法：Docker和Kubernetes都是能够显著提高生产力的优秀工具。最佳选择取决于您的具体需求、工作流程和优先级。
Choose Docker if:
You're containerizing applications, developing locally, or running simple multi-container setups that don't need orchestration at scale.
Choose Kubernetes if:
You're running production workloads that need auto-scaling, self-healing, rolling updates, and multi-node deployment.
常见问题
Not necessarily. Docker Compose handles multi-container apps well for small deployments. Kubernetes is needed when you require auto-scaling, self-healing, and management across multiple servers.
最终结论：您应该选择哪个？
✨ 选择Docker，如果
You're containerizing applications, developing locally, or running simple multi-container setups that don't need orchestration at scale.
✨ 选择Kubernetes，如果
You're running production workloads that need auto-scaling, self-healing, rolling updates, and multi-node deployment.