GraphQL vs REST API
2026年、最適なツールを選ぶための詳細比較
🏆 クイック判定
引き分け！どちらも素晴らしい選択です。
GraphQL excels when clients need flexible data fetching and you have complex, interconnected data. REST is simpler, better cached, and ideal for straightforward CRUD APIs.
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📊 Visual Comparison
総合スコア比較
カテゴリー別分析
GraphQL ハイライト
- ✅ Clients request exactly the data they need
- ✅ Single endpoint for all queries
- 💰 Free
REST API ハイライト
- ✅ Simple and well-understood
- ✅ Native HTTP caching support
- 💰 Free
機能比較
| Feature | GraphQL | REST API |
|---|---|---|
| Data Fetching | Client-specified queries | Server-defined responses |
| Endpoints | Single endpoint | Multiple resource endpoints |
| Type System | Strong schema | No standard (OpenAPI optional) |
| Real-time | Subscriptions | Via WebSockets (separate) |
| Caching | Complex (normalized) | HTTP caching (simple) |
| File Upload | Via extensions | Native multipart support |
| Documentation | Auto-generated via introspection | OpenAPI/Swagger |
| Versioning | Not needed (evolving schema) | URL or header-based |
| Error Handling | Partial responses possible | HTTP status codes |
| Tooling | Apollo, Relay, GraphiQL | Postman, curl, any HTTP client |
GraphQLとは？
GraphQL is a query language for APIs developed by Facebook. It allows clients to request exactly the data they need, reducing over-fetching and under-fetching common with REST APIs.
✅メリット
- •Clients request exactly the data they need
- •Single endpoint for all queries
- •Strong type system with schema
- •Real-time subscriptions built-in
- •Excellent developer tooling (GraphiQL, Apollo)
- •Self-documenting via introspection
❌デメリット
- •More complex to set up and maintain
- •Caching is harder than REST
- •N+1 query problem requires careful handling
- •Steeper learning curve
- •File uploads not natively supported
- •Rate limiting is more complex
REST APIとは？
REST (Representational State Transfer) is the most widely used architectural style for web APIs. It uses standard HTTP methods and is simple, stateless, and well-understood by developers.
✅メリット
- •Simple and well-understood
- •Native HTTP caching support
- •Stateless architecture
- •Wide tooling and library support
- •Easy to debug with standard HTTP tools
- •Works naturally with CDNs
❌デメリット
- •Over-fetching and under-fetching data
- •Multiple endpoints to maintain
- •Versioning can be challenging
- •No standard type system
- •Documentation requires separate tools
- •No built-in real-time support
料金比較
📊詳細分析: GraphQL vs REST API
GraphQLとREST APIのどちらを選ぶかは、両ツールが現代のワークフローに魅力的な機能を提供しているため、難しい選択となることがあります。この包括的な比較では、機能や価格から実際のユースケースまで、あらゆる側面を分析し、情報に基づいた意思決定をお手伝いします。
GraphQL
GraphQL is a query language for APIs developed by Facebook. It allows clients to request exactly the data they need, reducing over-fetching and under-fetching common with REST APIs.
REST API
REST (Representational State Transfer) is the most widely used architectural style for web APIs. It uses standard HTTP methods and is simple, stateless, and well-understood by developers.
🎯最適なユースケース
GraphQLを選ぶべき時
- ✓チーム向け:
Clients request exactly the data they need
- ✓中小企業向け:
Single endpoint for all queries
- ✓エンタープライズ向け:
Strong type system with schema
REST APIを選ぶべき時
- ✓個人向け:
Simple and well-understood
- ✓中小企業向け:
Native HTTP caching support
- ✓チーム向け:
Stateless architecture
🔍機能の詳細分析
Data Fetching
Endpoints
Type System
Real-time
Caching
File Upload
💰価格分析
GraphQL
Open source specification
✅ 無料プランありREST API
Open standard
✅ 無料プランあり💡 Pro Tip
両ツールは無料トライアルまたは無料プランを提供しています。有料プランに加入する前に、実際のワークフローで両方をテストすることをお勧めします。
🏆おすすめ
広範な分析とテストの結果、私たちの見解は次のとおりです：GraphQLとREST APIはどちらも生産性を大幅に向上させる優れたツールです。最適な選択は、あなたの具体的なニーズ、ワークフロー、優先事項によって異なります。
Choose GraphQL if:
You have complex data relationships, multiple client types (web, mobile) with different data needs, or need real-time subscriptions.
Choose REST API if:
You're building simple CRUD APIs, need strong HTTP caching, or want maximum simplicity and the widest ecosystem support.
よくある質問
No. GraphQL is an alternative, not a replacement. Many companies use both: GraphQL for complex client-facing APIs and REST for simple internal services.
最終結論：どちらを選ぶべき？
✨ GraphQLを選ぶべき場合
You have complex data relationships, multiple client types (web, mobile) with different data needs, or need real-time subscriptions.
✨ REST APIを選ぶべき場合
You're building simple CRUD APIs, need strong HTTP caching, or want maximum simplicity and the widest ecosystem support.