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MongoDB vs PostgreSQL

Comparación detallada para ayudarte a elegir la herramienta correcta en 2026

📅 Última actualización: 4 de febrero de 2026⏱️ 12 min read📊 Databases

🏆 Veredicto Rápido

Ganador: PostgreSQL

PostgreSQL is the better default choice for most applications due to its versatility, data integrity, and ability to handle both relational and JSON data. MongoDB is better for truly document-oriented workloads that need flexible schemas and horizontal scaling.

📊 Visual Comparison

Comparación de Puntuación General

95
MongoDB
vs
85
PostgreSQL

Desglose por Categoría

MongoDB: 20%CaracterísticasPostgreSQL: 0%
MongoDB: 90%PreciosPostgreSQL: 90%
MongoDB: 70%Facilidad de UsoPostgreSQL: 70%
MongoDB: 75%SoportePostgreSQL: 75%
MongoDB: 60%IntegraciónPostgreSQL: 60%

MongoDB Destacados

  • Flexible schema — no rigid table definitions required
  • Horizontal scaling with built-in sharding
  • 💰 Free / $57/month (dedicated)

PostgreSQL Destacados

  • Full ACID compliance with robust transactions
  • Advanced SQL features (CTEs, window functions, etc.)
  • 💰 Free (self-hosted)

Comparación de características

FeatureMongoDBPostgreSQL
Data ModelDocument (JSON/BSON)Relational + JSON (JSONB)
SchemaFlexible/SchemalessStrict with migrations
ACID TransactionsMulti-document (since 4.0)Full
Joins$lookup (limited)Full SQL joins
ScalingHorizontal (sharding)Vertical (read replicas for horizontal)
ReplicationReplica setsStreaming + logical
Full-text SearchAtlas SearchBuilt-in (tsvector)
Managed CloudMongoDB AtlasNeon, Supabase, RDS, etc.
Drivers20+ languagesAll major languages
Time-seriesVia TimescaleDB
Change StreamsLISTEN/NOTIFY
AggregationPipeline frameworkSQL GROUP BY + window functions

¿Qué es MongoDB?

M

MongoDB

Databases

mongodb.com

MongoDB is the leading NoSQL document database. It stores data in flexible, JSON-like documents and is designed for scalability, high availability, and rapid development with schema-less data models.

Ventajas

  • Flexible schema — no rigid table definitions required
  • Horizontal scaling with built-in sharding
  • Excellent for rapid prototyping and agile development
  • Native JSON document storage
  • MongoDB Atlas offers a fully managed cloud service
  • Rich query language and aggregation pipeline

Desventajas

  • No native joins (requires $lookup or denormalization)
  • ACID transactions are more limited than relational DBs
  • Can lead to data duplication without careful modeling
  • Higher storage overhead for structured data
  • Not ideal for complex relational data

¿Qué es PostgreSQL?

P

PostgreSQL

Databases

postgresql.org

PostgreSQL is the world's most advanced open-source relational database. Known for its reliability, feature richness, and SQL compliance, it supports both relational and JSON data with strong ACID guarantees.

Ventajas

  • Full ACID compliance with robust transactions
  • Advanced SQL features (CTEs, window functions, etc.)
  • Supports both relational and JSON data (JSONB)
  • Excellent data integrity with constraints and types
  • Massive extension ecosystem (PostGIS, pgvector, etc.)
  • Completely free and open-source

Desventajas

  • Vertical scaling primarily (horizontal is complex)
  • More rigid schema requirements
  • Can be slower for simple read-heavy workloads
  • Configuration tuning needed for optimal performance
  • Less intuitive for developers new to SQL

Comparación de precios

MongoDB

Free / $57/month (dedicated)

Free tier (Atlas) / Self-hosted free

Plan gratuito disponibleView detailed pricing →

PostgreSQL

Free (self-hosted)

Free and open-source

Plan gratuito disponibleView detailed pricing →

📊Análisis en Profundidad: MongoDB vs PostgreSQL

Elegir entre MongoDB y PostgreSQL puede ser desafiante, ya que ambas herramientas ofrecen características atractivas para flujos de trabajo modernos. En esta comparación completa, analizaremos cada aspecto para ayudarte a tomar una decisión informada.

MongoDB

MongoDB is the leading NoSQL document database. It stores data in flexible, JSON-like documents and is designed for scalability, high availability, and rapid development with schema-less data models.

PostgreSQL

PostgreSQL is the world's most advanced open-source relational database. Known for its reliability, feature richness, and SQL compliance, it supports both relational and JSON data with strong ACID guarantees.

🎯Mejores Casos de Uso

Cuándo elegir MongoDB

  • Para Equipos:

    Flexible schema — no rigid table definitions required

  • Para Pequeñas Empresas:

    Horizontal scaling with built-in sharding

  • Para Empresas:

    Excellent for rapid prototyping and agile development

Cuándo elegir PostgreSQL

  • Para Individuos:

    Full ACID compliance with robust transactions

  • Para Pequeñas Empresas:

    Advanced SQL features (CTEs, window functions, etc.)

  • Para Equipos:

    Supports both relational and JSON data (JSONB)

🔍Análisis Profundo de Características

Data Model

MongoDB:Document (JSON/BSON)
PostgreSQL:Relational + JSON (JSONB)

Schema

MongoDB:Flexible/Schemaless
PostgreSQL:Strict with migrations

ACID Transactions

MongoDB:Multi-document (since 4.0)
PostgreSQL:Full

Joins

MongoDB:$lookup (limited)
PostgreSQL:Full SQL joins

Scaling

MongoDB:Horizontal (sharding)
PostgreSQL:Vertical (read replicas for horizontal)

Replication

MongoDB:Replica sets
PostgreSQL:Streaming + logical

💰Análisis de Precios

MongoDB

Free / $57/month (dedicated)

Free tier (Atlas) / Self-hosted free

✅ Free tier available

PostgreSQL

Free (self-hosted)

Free and open-source

✅ Free tier available

💡 Pro Tip

Both tools offer free trials or tiers. We recommend testing both with your actual workflow before committing to a paid plan.

🏆Nuestra Recomendación

Después de un análisis y pruebas extensas, esta es nuestra opinión: Tanto MongoDB como PostgreSQL son excelentes herramientas que pueden mejorar significativamente tu productividad. La mejor elección depende de tus necesidades específicas.

Choose MongoDB if:

You have truly unstructured data, need horizontal scaling, or are building real-time applications where schema flexibility is essential.

Choose PostgreSQL if:

You want robust data integrity, need complex queries and joins, or are building a typical web application where data relationships matter.

Preguntas frecuentes

For simple document reads and writes, MongoDB can be faster. For complex queries involving joins and aggregations, PostgreSQL typically outperforms. Real-world performance depends heavily on data modeling and indexing.

Veredicto final: ¿Cuál deberías elegir?

Elige MongoDB si

You have truly unstructured data, need horizontal scaling, or are building real-time applications where schema flexibility is essential.

Elige PostgreSQL si

You want robust data integrity, need complex queries and joins, or are building a typical web application where data relationships matter.